American Literature and Research

Society affects the lives of people who live in it. It dictates how they should behave and establishes norms that are expected to be obeyed otherwise people who do not fulfill the expectations are considered as deviant, rebellious and society’s outcasts. Society, however, is susceptible to change, as it is highly shaped by the events and its resulting pervasive ideas, occurring in certain periods of time.The three stories, â€Å"The Vanishing American Hobo† by Jack Kerouac, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† by Kurt Vonnegut and â€Å"Soldier’s Home â€Å"by Ernest Hemingway clearly illustrates how society changes and how it affects the people in it and how people attempts to suppress deviance. The story â€Å"Soldier’s Home† is a story of a young man who returns as a changed man to Oklahoma in 1919 after the First World War. This story was first published in 1925. The young soldier Harold â€Å"Krebs† enlisted in the Marines and goes to war f or two years.When he returns home it is very obvious that he is not the same hopeful, slick, religious young man in the picture who goes to a Methodist College and enjoys college lives with fraternity brothers anymore. Now he is passive and refers to himself as not part of the â€Å"Kingdom†. Moreover, it seems he does not want to be involved with life in general, the reason is that,† He did not want consequences †¦. he wanted to live along without consequences,† therefore he withdrew (Hemingway 2007).Around him there is an air and sense of loss, he even has to lose his own war stories as he had to tell lies about his experiences since people in his town decided they have had enough of the stories of atrocities related by the soldiers who came home earlier than him. Moreover, there are so many things that he does not want to take part anymore even courting as it states, â€Å"He did not want to have to do any courting† (Hemingway 2007). It is pretty ob vious that the war had changed Krebs, and the line â€Å"he couldn’t make her see it†, when he comforts his mother after telling her that he does not love her, hinted to the reason (Hemingway 2007).The war had taught him a lot of things including stifling his emotions. And most importantly, he could not explain to his mother what he had gone through in the war, he could not make her understand and see the horror the war has exposed him. But his family, especially his parents, could not see why he has to act that way while the other soldiers in the neighborhood had clearly moved on, having good jobs and getting married, and so they pressured him to go back to the normal society. The First World War brought many countries into a global armed conflict that was considered the first devastating and horrible event in all of human history.People died by the thousands and many suddenly find themselves losing their family and friends. The soldiers, especially, are daily exposed not only to the hardships of war but the terror and anxiety that accompanies it. Trench warfare specifically exposed the soldiers to a very harsh, stagnant and extremely dangerous environment. Right before their eyes skulls and brains were blown away. An example of a horrible incident is when a man who had the top of his head blown away was groaning like an animal for three hours before he died (Hemingway Lecture Notes).Soldiers surrounding him cannot avoid being affected by such painful human torture, as they were helpless to ease his pain. No wonder that an incident like this made many soldiers who return home after the war broken, without hope and suffer emotional numbness and disbelief like Krebs did. According to the Department of Veterans Affairs it is normal that soldiers experiences a kind of trauma (shellshock and post traumatic stress disorder) after the war since it is indeed a very shocking human experience.Soldiers feel somehow dissociated from what they know is  "normal life†. It is possible that the other soldiers like Charley Simmons who easily adjusted to normal life in Oklahoma did not suffer as much as Krebs did. Studies revealed that soldiers do not experience the same kind of trauma as not all of them are exposed to more â€Å"prolonged, extensive, and horrifying† situation as Krebs probably was. However, society put pressure on them by expecting them to move on, to forget the war (â€Å"National Center† 2007).The short story â€Å"Harrison Bergeron† reflects the 1950’s conformity lifestyle and the rebellious protestation of a young boy against it. It was published in 1961. The story describes the hopeful and desperate attempts of that society to eliminate differences and to achieve equality especially in terms of intellect and physical appearance. If any man has above normal average intelligence, they put a metal handicap radio in his ear which in every 20 seconds, a noise from the government transm itter will interrupt his thinking, so that he cannot use his intelligence for his advantage.If a woman is beautiful, a hideous mask covers her face to conceal her beauty. Moreover, people are burdened with sashweights and bags of birdshot to keep them from being graceful in their movements or to reduce their strength. The point is, anything that can make them look as superior from every body else are made into a handicap. They do not want â€Å"to go back to the dark ages again, with everybody competing against everybody else† (Vonnegut 2005).Moreover, the idea of disobeying the law, when Hazel suggested that they made a hole to take out some lead balls from the birdshot canvas bag, was an unthinkable thing for according to George, â€Å" The minute people start cheating on laws, what do you think happens to society†( Vonnegut 2005)? They believe that cheating on laws brings social upheavals that they do not like. The strange thing is that Hazel and George and the peop le around them seem to get used to the idea of conformity, as George states,† I don't notice it any more. It just a part of me† (Vonnegut 2005).However, their son, Harrison, is put into jail and eventually killed for rebelling against it. As the Handicapper General attacked their son on TV, parents of Harrison were not able to help him. Two are several forces that led into the conformity of the 1950†s: the Korean conflict and the threat of communism. But the underlying root cause of it all is the fear of the terrors of war that they previously experienced in the Second World War. Therefore to avoid any conflict, social conformity is encouraged since they believed that conformity is unity.The place of men and women in society were clearly defined: women stay home while the men go out to work and achieve the American dream. This is being depicted by Hazel and George Bergeron: Hazel stays at home while George works. Men are especially drawn to the collective idea of à ¢â‚¬Å"organization man†; they were expected to work in corporations, to put on flannel suits and pursue the American dream. The American dream is like the Handicapper General that dictates the ideas and dreams of the people. Every one is encouraged to think and act alike and was preoccupied with the lure of consumerism and materialism.Conformity are also seen in the sameness of house designs , like the one in Levittown and the sameness of appetite, as Americans began to be obsessed with fast foods. Conformity was especially achieved with the aid of Television. As in the story, all of the action occurred in front of the Television (Costello 2007). However, the young generations are beginning to rebel, as symbolized by Harrison, but the force of conformity was so strong that parents are in bondage to it, unable to extend the necessary psychological and emotional help that their children desperately needed.The â€Å"Vanishing American Hobo† was published in 1960. It tells of the experiences of the hobos as they travels like vagabonds from place to place across America usually with back packs on their backs. They are a people who choose to live as exiles of society, who sleep just anywhere, to experience the freedom that they desire, â€Å"There's nothing nobler than to put up with a few inconveniences like snakes and dust for the sake of absolute freedom† (Kerouac 2008). But freedom from what?Obviously from their restrictive society who dictates what they should do or have. According to Kerouac, the hobo â€Å"is born of pride, having nothing to do with a community but with himself and other hobos and maybe a dog† (Kerouac 2008). This means that they are proud of their lifestyle or subculture, that they deliberately do not want to associate with society and maintain little intimate interest with other people, aside from the hobos like them. The author laments that they are quickly becoming a vanishing lot because of the police and the m edia.The police, riding in their tax-paid police, cars searches for them everywhere suspecting them as possible spies against the government while the media, on the other hand, portray them as â€Å"the rapist, the strangler, and child-eater† so that adults and children stay away from them and no longer provides them with the food that they need (Kerouac 2008). This shows clearly the attempts of the government to suppress the subculture that they symbolizes and to force them back to what is â€Å"normal†.In the wake of the conformity of the 1950’s arises the Beat generation. â€Å"Beat generation† is attributed to Jack Kerouac. Though it could mean being defeated or weary of life â€Å"like being pushed up against the wall† or implying a sense of being used or raw Jack would also like it to refer to what is beatific (The Beat Generation Lecture). Jack and his friends, in ushering in the beat generation, encourages the protest of the 60’s aga inst the established society of materialism, where everyone are encouraged to own cars and decent homes.The generation, having experienced uncertainties of the Depression and the terror of war in childhood, is a disillusioned lot who desperately wants to hold on to something that they can believe in(Beat Generation Lecture Notes; Abieva [no date]). They do not find such meaning in the collective conformity of the 1950’s, the generation of their fathers. In fact, they do not trust this collective society who was responsible for the bad circumstances of depression and global wars.The hobos, particularly, are glorified as people who defy the restrictive and demanding norms of society in pursuit of freedom. They symbolize the solitary desire of that generation, to be left alone, to figure things out for themselves, to search for meaning. As the period was compounded by hysteria of the rise of communism, it seems that the right thing to do in that generation, to preserve ones indi vidual identity, is to quit that society.Attempts were made to discourage this deviance (subculture) as what McCarthy did in his pursuit against communism. The media and police were effective tools for suppression (Abieva, [no date]). The three stories therefore clearly give an insight into the societies in the periods of American history following just after turbulent struggles. The horrors and uncertainties of the Wars and Depression molded the consciousness of the people, and as they try to cope with the challenge of their era, it therefore changed their way of thinking and lifestyle.People become united for certain causes and also united in their sufferings. However, some people do try to get out of its safe mold, to carve a life according to the dictates of their own minds. To be different is what scares most people so that society always attempts to suppress this deviance back to conformity by exerting force or pressure. Works Cited Abieva, Natalia. Protest and Experiment in t he Literature of the Beat Generation. Fairfield University. [no date]. Accessed November 4, 2008 Costello, Mr. Conformity Notes: 1950s Lecture On Society. Canfield Foundation Website. March 2007. Accessed November 4, 2008 < http://servtlc. access-k12. org/ achievement/Fifties_Conformity. htm> Hemingway, Ernest. â€Å"Soldier’s Home†. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 2007. Accessed November 4, 2008 Kerouac , Jack. â€Å"The Vanishing American Hobo†.Cloud Bird Trail Home. 2008. Accessed November 4, 2008 â€Å"National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder â€Å". United States Department of Veterans Affairs. May 2007. Accessed November 4, 2008 Vonnegut, Kurt. â€Å"Harrison Bergeron†. West Valley College. September 2005. Accessed November 4, 2008

Educational Nursing Strategies: Prevention of Elder Abuse and Neglect

Canada’s population is ageing. Along with the increasing population of elderly, the rate of abuse and neglect in long term care facilities has risen proportionately, and nursing practice is presented with formidable challenges that call for prevention of elder abuse.Recent studies in the literature on elder abuse and neglect emerge with consistent inferences that primary care workers in long term facilities are complicated by an understaffed and unprepared workforce that lack the specific knowledge and training to successfully prevent and report elder abuse and neglect. The purpose of this paper is to explore the strategies to improve reporting, increase awareness, and manage elderly abuse in long term facilities.IntroductionStatistics Canada (2005), â€Å"predicted a substantial growth in the senior population in Canada from 3.5 million people in 1996 to 6.9 by 2021.† The aging population is growing globally, and â€Å"society places great demands upon the health care system to meet the needs of elder persons† (Zamaal, 2006, Pg 2.).Statistics Canada (2007), reported â€Å"more than 150,000 Canadian seniors are now living in residential care facilities† (p.16). An already overwhelmed healthcare system with a critical nursing and staffing shortage now faces the special needs of a continuing growing population with specific and substantial needs.As Canadians increase their life spans, the demands placed on institutional facilities to deliver quality care of elder residents becomes critical in educational and training planning (Zamaal, 2006, p.5). Abuse of older people is a complex phenomenon which in some instances will require complex prevention and management strategies (British Geriatrics Society, 2002, p. 313).The dependence of an elderly person can increase her risk to violence by causing a strain on family relationships that escalates as the older person becomes more vulnerable and requires more care. â€Å"At the very core of a buse is this fundamental loss of respect for older people andtheir resultant vulnerability† (British Geriatrics Society, 2002, p. 313).Many victims do not report the abuse from families, and the problem is complicated with their dependence on the perpetrator, especially if the abuse comes from an adult child, friend, or persons held in a trusted position (National Counseling on Ageing and Older People, 2006).According to a study (Wolf, 2004), a qualitative survey of Canadian elders showed that 4.0 percent of older adults surveyed had been abused at some time by a family member or caregiver (p. 39).According to the National Advisory Council on Aging (2006), â€Å"Canada’s abuse and neglect of the elderly are thought to be seriously under-reported, so statistics are unreliable, due to surveys that capture only what the victims want to disclose, while police data reveal only the abuse that comes to their attention.†

Major Works Data Sheet Essay

In this column, choose five quotations from the text, one focusing on each of the following literary elements: In this column, analyze the significance of your quotations. Allow the following questions to guide your responses: Why is this important? What does this reveal? Why does the author say it this way? What is the tone/mood of this passage? Theme â€Å"Seek happiness in tranquility and avoid ambition.† -Victor Frankenstein This is part of the theme of the book, sometimes too much knowledge is a bad thing, like the death of Victors family members. He did not think through the consequences of creating such a creature and therefore it led to the death of his family. He now wishes that he had been happy and thankful for the life that he was living instead of attempting to alter it, because then maybe his family would still be alive. Characterization â€Å"William, Justine, and Henry – they all died by my hands.† -Victor Frankenstein This quote is an expression of the sorrow and the guilt that Victor feels for being the reason his family died. Because of the death of his family he has a very Debbie Downer outlook on life and does not end up making the monstrous creature his companion. Setting â€Å"When I looked around I saw and heard of none like me. Was I, the, a monster, a blot upon the earth from which all men fled and whom all men disowned?† – The monster, Chapter 13, page 105 The creature realizes what a monster he is, because everyone he encounters runs from him in terror. He is lonely on this Earth and wants Victor to make  him a companion in female form. Symbolism â€Å"What was I? Of my creation and creator I was absolutely ignorant, but I knew that I possessed no money, no friends, and no kind of property. I was, besides, endued with a figure hideously deformed and loathsome†¦was I, then, a monster, a blot upon the earth, from which all men fled and whom all men disowned. â€Å" -The creature, chapter 13 Sometime after being created by Victor, the creature no longer thought that he was happy and did not understand why he was alive. He tried to fit in with the world around him but everyone was afraid of him and at one point or another he just gave up on trying to fit in with society. In this quote he explains his actions and the reasoning behind them. Imagery â€Å"It was already one in the morning; the rain pattered dismally against the panes, and my candle was nearly burnt out, when, by the glimmer of the half-extinguished light, I saw the dull yellow eye of the creature open†¦Ã¢â‚¬  -Victor Frankenstein, Chapter 5 This is when Victor brings the creature to life, the creature that he has work endlessly, spending all of his time on it. This scene is used in movies to make audiences fear the monster that Victor created.

Museum paper assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Museum paper assignment - Essay Example but their proportions are more abstract although it has some naturalistic depictions. Dogon masks are an irony compared to the Haida mask of North America, because Dogon masks represents naturalistic entities which are members of Dogon tribe yet the proportions of their representation are more abstract. The Sulka masks of Oceania are obviously abstract in proportion. Unlike Dogon masks from Africa which has hues of semblance of a human form, Sulka masks does not have the slightest feature that distinctively resemble to any entity be it human, animals or objects. They are shaped like umbrellas especially the hemlaut masks which I believe were deliberately made indistinct because they are used for circumcision ceremonies for boys. Hopi figures which are Katsina dolls may represent spirits that descended from the mountains to aid the tribe people of their livelihood and well-being but their proportions resembles to a human form and being such, more naturalistic in representation. The Kota figure from Africa is more abstract in proportion due to the convexity of the male representation and concavity of the female representation to the point that it became indistinct. The indistinctiveness of the Hopi figure is more pronounced especially if Kota figure will be compared from the Hopi figure of North America which have an obvious resemblance to a human form. The Maori figure from Oceania is a beautiful naturalistic representation of the human form. This is particurlary true with the wood carving known as whakairo rakau which made decorates a human head with a synchronized lines and circles. Looking closely at the Haida mask from North America, it does not depict any emotional expression other than a blank stare. Perhaps the reason any expression was removed from mask because it represents an impersonal spirit. Examining the Dogon mask from Africa, it may not have any distinct expression but the sharp stare

International Business Analysis. Financial Crisis of 2007-2010 Essay

International Business Analysis. Financial Crisis of 2007-2010. Bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers - Essay Example These particular securities which were considered as poisonous resulted in making up a substantial fraction of their individual final asset base. The non-payments related to such securities promoted a significant credit crisis as every individual financial institution accumulated cash and called for the requirement for increasingly enlarged payments prior to lending it to others. The investment brokerages along with the banks situated in Wall Street rapidly lost capital of amounting to around US$175 billion between the time periods ranging from the year 2007 to the year 2008. Many large and sound financial institutions had to be rescued with the aid of huge amount of guarantees that were obtained from Federal Reserve. Numerous of the remaining ones ensured their continued existence with the help of selling large portions of their preferred stock along with assured best return rates, towards a sequence ‘sovereign funds’ that were believed to be possessed by the respective governments of Singapore, China, Abu Dhabi and South Korea among the rest (Blackburn, 2008).The financial institutions especially the banks suffered grave financial crisis owing to the apparent deeply faulty management in relation to the systematic risk. A quite significant part related to this particular issue was identified to be the fact that the central as well as a few of the prominent financial institutions made use of a obscure secondary form of banking system in order to conceal a great deal of their respective exposure. Renowned institutions such as Merrill Lynch, Barclays Capital, Citigroup, Deutsche Bank along with Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) were known to get engaged in huge amount of debt or due balances and as a result provided loans by employing the funds of other individuals in opposition to inadequately poor kind of collateral (The Chancellor of the Exchequer, 2009). The triggering factor behind the credit crisis was measured to be the growing payment failures among the people of the US who were believed to be in possession of the subprime mortgages during the previous quarter of the year 2006 and in the beginning of the year 2007 (Jaffee, 2008). The increasing rate of failure to make payments against the held mortgages by the individuals was identified to be the rise made with respect to the interest rates for the reason of defending the declining value of dollar. This particular scenario or condition resulted in the breakdown of numerous big and sound mortgage brokers between the months of February to March in the year 2007, however the real possibility of the issue only started to get recorded in the later periods. Fascinatingly, the initial bank that registered an issue in this regard was the Deutsche Bank who was learnt to be compelled to provide guarantee for two funds in the month of July’ 2007 that were supposed to be property-based (The Chancellor of the Exchequer, 2009). To sum up, the essential aspect t hat was realised regarding the financial crunch relates to the comprehension that across the globe, certain issues failed to be adequately well understood. The international standards pertaining to regulation along with the international agreement with regard to risk remained unsuccessful to carry on with the notion of financial innovation as well as globalisation. This definite mentioned aspect did not

How much did the Nazis Owe to the Worldwide Eugenics Movements Essay - 1

How much did the Nazis Owe to the Worldwide Eugenics Movements - Essay Example It is believed that eugenics, as the science of racial hygiene, arose in the Third Reich and that only in Nazi Germany eugenic researchers were held. But this is a completely erroneous view. In the twentieth century, two countries were the leaders in eugenic research - the United States and the Soviet Union. Germany is connected by no means with the flowering of these studies, but rather with its complete discredit. To prove that there is a close connection between eugenic theories and crimes against humanity committed by third Reich, we need to consider both these phenomena and study them in their historical progress. It is believed that Eugenics, as the science of racial hygiene, arose in the Third Reich and that only in Nazi Germany eugenic researchers were held. But this is a completely erroneous view. In the twentieth century, two countries were the leaders in eugenic research - the United States and the Soviet Union. Germany is connected by no means with the flowering of these studies, but rather with its complete discredit. To prove that there is a similarity between eugenic theories and crimes against humanity committed by third Reich, we need to consider both these phenomena. Eugenic science expresses the deepest hopes of humans about rational control of their own nature, and, at the same time, explicitly embodies the experience of not just small mistakes and errors, but sometimes even crimes against humanity. Therefore, developing modern genetic technology, scientists are constantly coming back to the history of eugenics, which is a kind of understanding of the latest ethical issues background.

Part III for Personnel Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Part III for Personnel Management - Essay Example Thus, in all fairness it must be said Ford took an extremely irresponsible decision to generate short term gains while risking its goodwill. A rational customer would have never opted for a saving of $11 and agree for an unsafe fuel tank. An unsafe fuel tank is a permanent source of hazard. All statistics of rates of accidents per thousand motorists really do not make any sense as nobody can be sure that they would not be those unfortunate few that would have to suffer. It would truly have been similar to making air bags optional? If Ford would have told potential customers about the hazardous fuel tank then hardly any rational customer would have purchased that model. However, with deft advertisements and publicity the company could have projected the lurking dangers in such a favorable light that some of unsuspecting customers could have still opted for that model. The definition of criminal homicide is ‘willful (non-negligent) killing of one human being by another’ (Justia.com 2010). Though Ford was aware of the fragile fuel tank in Pinto and did not make any attempt to modify it, still the company should not have been guilty of criminal homicide as it did not specifically make the fuel tank unsafe with the express intention of burning three sisters to their death. Further, traffic fatalities are, as a rule, not classified as criminal homicide even if there is some fault with the manufacturer in producing the output. The manufacturer would, however, have to face punitive fines for their negligence in failing to adequately address safety concerns in their product. Ford was handed down a punitive fine of $3.5 million and had to pay an additional $3 million in compensatory damages in Richard Grimshaw case but in none of the incidents could Ford be held guilty of criminal homicide. Esteem needs that consist of recognition, attention, social status, accomplishment and self respect are entirely a matter of the mind that can

Diagnstic Advance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diagnstic Advance - Essay Example Taking a more specific approach by focusing on one organization such as Walt Disney World, gives a better illumination of the application of market segmentation and product differentiation as highly effective marketing strategies. Walt Disney World has arguably divided its target market into five main segments namely Studio Entertainment, media networking, Parks and Resorts, interactive media, and Consumer Products. Disney’s segments are then developed individually by focusing on possible improvements on each segment. However, the segments are indirectly dependent on each other with each segment seeming to improve the other. For example, through studio entertainment and media networks people around the world are aware of characters like Mickey Mouse among others. As such, providing people with a chance to see such characters in real life rather than on televisions is a major boost for the parks and resorts. Furthermore, the popularity of Walt Disney characters has also fueled the success of interactive media through increased sales of such products as console games. Additionally, Disney World produces consumer goods such as toys that are representations of the highly renowned characters thereby boostin g performance of the consumer products segment. Moreover, Disney World has achieved great success emanating from its media networks segment that provides broadcasting mainly via the Disney/ABC Television Group and ESPN Inc. Creation of market segments has enabled Walt Disney to create a strong brand that propels performance of each segment with a major focus on family as a whole consequently contributing to success of the entire organization. Disney World has also employed product differentiation marketing strategy in its operations giving it competitive advantage. In entirety, Walt Disney’s productions are seemingly

High Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

High Performance - Essay Example is, the company should institute efficient ethical standards, which will boost its general performance and especially those of the executives, since approximately 90% of the corporation’s future leadership/management will emanate from workforce already evident in the firm. Despite having shown significant progress for the past ten years, the company lacks the necessary requirements which are key aspects prior venturing into the international market. These requirements are mainly resources that entail both human and physical assets, for instance, adequate funding (AMA, 2007). The company ought to establish an effective mechanism directed towards identifying high performing employees and rewarding system. Since an executive normally assumes the center role in enabling an organization to reach and establish itself in the competitive global market, a slight fault might yield to its collapse if its management is incompetent (Kimberly, 2008). Besides, the firm should concentrate on internal operations while correcting the evident inadequacies like evaluation of their workforce performance, motivation, augmenting budget and managerial training. This is because during expansion to the global levels, it will utilize almost 90% of its management besides incorpo rating extra experienced international executive. Hence, reducing numerous wrangles and divisions that are currently evident amid the workforce where some are contented with the firm’s current position (AMA, 2007). In addition, the firm must institute extra consistent strategies aiming to reach the international standards and dominate the arena, which is contrary to the current state (Scott, 2003). This will enable each to undertake all the aspects seriously because the firm’s philosophies are in line to their strategies, hence, no confusion. Besides incepting adequate policies meant to augment its budget in preparation for international venturing, the firm needs to start developing its personnel. This will be

Pen Pal Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Pen Pal Letter - Essay Example This class makes a consideration of the trends in dance all over the world. Its focus on classics has left me interested more than ever. Before this, I have previously been exposed to dances since I was a small child. Growing up in the midst of people who loved music and dance inspired me. They always praised dancers from as far as the 19th century, highlighting just how much classical dances inform the emergence of new and improved kinds and styles of dance. On a more specific ground, I would like to describe some course material and offer my insight and/or reaction to the material. My class covers a number of types of ballet. Before I address three of those types of ballet, I would to share how the teaching process is done in this class. A number of teaching and learning methods are employed, namely: theory, practical, and visual. Teacher-learner and learner-learner interactions inform the theory and practical part of teaching and learning. On the other hand, the visual aspect encompasses watching dance videos and sharing our experiences relative to the videos. The three types of ballet I would like to talk about are: Vaganova, Cecchetti, and Balanchine. Vaganova ballet is commonly referred to as the Russian ballet. This ballet encompasses a movement that is continual in nature. Body parts are essentially not isolated, thus the observation of a movement flow that is continual. Cecchetti is the simplest form of ballet. The technique employed is precise and basic. Finally, modernization has significantly influenced ballets. In this respect, Balanchine reflects the modernity of ballet technique. Notably, the study of Balanchine is mostly done in America. The three ballet types presented above are just a tip of the iceberg as far as dance is concerned. The dance world is intensive and extensive, but the common denominator is that this world is one of the most interesting aspects globally. Dance entertains, communicates, informs, warns, unites, and

Discuss how Benedicts work developed Boas vision of anthropology and Essay

Discuss how Benedicts work developed Boas vision of anthropology and whether it also represented a new direction in American anthropology - Essay Example This paper will explore what culture could have given Benedict a true sense of all this cultures. The paper will explore Benedicts work and how it sought to spread the importance of culture in individual personality formation. The paper will summarize Benedict’s views on culture capturing the views of some of her best-selling anthropological books.   The influence is quite evident as Ruth was a student of boas and she had great passion for him. It was in Columbia University in 1919 where the two started working together one as a student (Ruth) while boas were a teacher (Benedict & Mead 1977). The influence cannot be undermined given that Ruth wrote in her work about the love she had for boas. It is true that love doesn’t just happen but often is a result of attraction towards style type or ideologies presented by an individual that leads to admiration and finally love. The love of Ruth on boas must have been as a result of his ideologies and way of thinking. The work developed by boas must have had great impact and influence on Ruth. Having rise to the position of president of American anthropological association in no doubt influence American anthropology. In her search for career she attends some classes in anthropology and at that time she attended classes lectured by Alexander Goldenweiser the student for boas (Moore 2009). And he must have influenced her to continue e pursuit in the same career. It could actually be the point where she decided to pursue career in anthropology that she shared a class with a student of boas. After that class with Alexander a student for boas she actually developed great love for sociology. It is amazing how a student of boas made her feel in love with anthropology and later on having great passion for boas and his work. Alexander sent her to boas at Colombia University for further pursuit in the career. Boas took the role of a father and to her boas was like a father; in extension contribute

Miracles provide great hope for a hurting world Essay Example for Free

Miracles provide great hope for a hurting world Essay Miracles can provide great hope for a hurting world because they can be a last resort when all else fails. If someone has been diagnosed with terminal cancer and doctors have given up on them, the hope for a miracle can be the only thing that keeps them from total despair. When nature seems insufferably cruel, believing that God can overcome nature is infinitely reassuring. Miracles also reaffirm the believer’s faith, thus providing hope. Miracles by their very nature are sign that reveal God’s great nature. For example, the Bible records that when Jesus was crucified a great darkness covered the land. This miracle has been historically verified by contemporary middle-Eastern historians Thallus and Africanus. Miracles such as this can be used to convert people to God and give them a sense that he cares for them, thus providing hope. Theologians such as Dr Michael Brown assert that miracles are proof of God’s continued presence in this world through the Holy Spirit, and if we pray earnestly we may be able to experience a miracle. Jesus himself said, â€Å"ask and it shall be given unto you. † Finally, miracles point to an eternal hope beyond this world. They suggest that this world is not all there is; there is another much greater world that we catch glimpses of through miracles. The miracle central to Christianity – Christ’s resurrection – can give a hurting person hope. Christ said that, â€Å"In my father’s house there are many rooms, I will go to prepare a place for you. † Even if they are not healed in this world, the miracle of the crucifixion gives them the hope that they can experience heaven. On the other hand, miracles may not provide hope and happiness because they are so sporadic and seemingly random. Wiles said that miracles were the work of, â€Å"a capricious and arbitrary God. † By this he was referring to the fact that God heals some and not others. Why doesn’t God heal all sick children, instead of a select few? This calls God’s traits into question. If he was omnibenevolent he would want to heal everyone, and if he was omnipotent he would have the power to do so. But he doesn’t, so this calls his very existence into question. Therefore miracles do not provide hope. Dawkins also disagrees with the premise that miracles could provide hope. He claimed that miracles were simply events that fell towards the end of the probability spectrum, and if they do occur they are immense luck. He believes that there is no point in raising people’s hopes for an event that statistically will never occur to them. Many believers, particularly more conservative ones, would believe that miracles and wonders have mostly ceased in our time and what the hurting world really needs for hope is faith. Scholars such as Dr James White believe that modern churches that place far too much emphasis on needing miracles for hope are pushing people away from true, saving faith in Christ. Jesus himself chastised the people for only wanting to see signs and wonders rather than having true faith. Furthermore, miracles are not what is needed to provide hope for a hurting world. Science is. Instead of wasting time praying for individual healings, we should pour out time and energy into discovering cures and vaccines instead. Atheists such as Hawking use smallpox as an example. The human race was able to eradicate this disease through effort, intelligence and science. There was no need for divine intervention to cause hope. Overall, even if miracles are not real, what is wrong with giving desperate people a bit of hope? Nearly all nations have their own accounts of miracles which bring their people hope, it is unlikely they are all wrong.

The effects of child labor in India

The effects of child labor in India Child labor has been a constant menace plaguing Indian society for centuries. As the Indian economy develops at a dramatic pace to become one of the worlds future economic superpowers, it is becoming extremely important to protect the future generation of this country, which are undoubtedly the children. Child labor holds a disgusting picture in todays India. India tops the list in the world of having the highest number of child laborers, under the age of 14, of about 100-150 million out of which at least 44 million are engaged in hazardous jobs (Larson, 2004). Even though the Indian Constitution prohibits children younger than 14 to be employed in any occupation or hazardous environment, child labor exists in this country (Ram, 2009). They often work for long hours in hazardous and unhygienic environment and receive meager pay (Forastieri, 2002). These young children deserve to be educated and benefit from their childhood rather than work at early age and face abuse. The Indian gove rnment should enforce their law of prohibiting child labor to eliminate this problem. It is extremely important to tackle this menace if childrens rights are to be protected and a vibrant, mentally strong and educated youth is to be ensured for the future. To begin with, child labor is a gross violation of human rights. Firstly, it violates the constitutional law of India (Ram, 2009). Secondly, it also violates the UNICEFS 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child whose article 32 include[s] the childs right to freedom from economic exploitation and from performing any work that is likely to be hazardous or to interfere with the childs education, or to be harmful to the childs health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development (UNICEF, 2001, p. 6). Moreover, the International Labour Organisation (ILO)s Convention number 182 also aims at eliminating child labor (Fyfe, 2007). Due to the lack of enforcement of law by the Indian government, the 100 to 150 million children are not getting the national and universal human rights they are entitled to. When the thought of childhood comes to our mind, images like children playing and running around in school uniforms emerge. However for child laborers in India, its images of factory smoke, wounded fingers, and abuse that emerge. These children work for long hours inhaling smoke, working with dangerous machines, and facing abusive employers. The labor market in which these children work, the [labor] supply exceeds demand, and, therefore, they lack bargaining power with the balance always tilted in favor of the employers leading to exploitation (Mishra, 2000, p. 56). Also, since children are more vulnerable compared to adults and in weaker positions to negotiate, they face further mistreatment, abuse and get paid less. Some are even abducted, sold into labor and are forced into servitude with no hope of getting out (Schmitz, Traver, Larson, 2004). When children start working at such a young age and undergo through the above mentioned abuses and economic exploitation, it negatively affects their emotional and physical capabilities (Larson, 2004). In one case, a 10 year-old girl named Mina had her fingers almost worn to the bone because of working many hours rolling cigarettes for a beedi (rolled cigarettes) company (Larson, 2004). In the same beedi industry, another girl narrated that her work was not only hard but it was also painful for her to sit and continue for hours without any break to achieve her target of 3000 beedis per day, for a meager wage of 3 rupees per day. Surprisingly, an adult can hardly make 2500 beedis in the same time (Mishra, 2000). In Child Labour in India, Mishra (2000) mentioned a disheartening case of a 12-year old boy in a matchbox factory. The boy complained that his employer would beat him for minor mistakes and insult his parents in a filthy language which would cause him a lot of pain since it was no fault of theirs. He also said: My employer used to put a match box on my neck in order to bend it down sufficiently to concentrate on the work. This prevented me from raising and turning my head on either side. I was beaten several times by him for having raised and turned my head. The turning of my head was very well indicated by the fall of the match box from my neck. Sometimes he beats me with the help of a wire in an unkind manner. (p. 71) Companies find it profitable to use child labor because it helps them produce at lower costs and the innocent children can be trained to do dangerous work under unsafe and unsatisfactory conditions. Many children in India who are child laborers work in industries such as glass-blowing, matchsticks, fireworks and also the carpet-making industry (Larson, 2004). An example of the terrible working conditions can be seen in the fireworks industry. Factories labeled as D grade are legally binded not to employ more than 22 people in their factory. However, many of such factories employ around 20 to 150 people, including children! The D graded match box factories are legally allowed to produce at most 80 units of matchboxes but they produce upto 100 to 300 units (Mishra, 2000). These firms are breaking legal rules and the Indian government should step in to enforce their laws. Poverty-stricken parents in India who borrow loans often give their children to their debtor so that he can exploit the children by making them work and help in paying off the debt. The meager pay these children receive is not enough to cover up the amount of money to be repaid for the loan. In addition to this, the interest on the loan keeps increasing, which increases the repayment amount, and then the working child takes many years to pay off the debt (Larson, 2004). It is often pointed out that child labor helps pull people out of poverty by offering a source of income and survival for a poor family (Larson, 2004). However, this income comes at a huge cost as they are abused for work which affects their present and future life. An example can be seen above in the way children are abused as collateral for loans. The constant abuse child laborers have to go through in exchange for a small amount of income makes their life not worth living.It does not make much of a difference whether the child is earning money while working in a hazardous job or not, since every type of work involves a degree of stress. Hazardous work cripples the health, psyche, and personality of a child, and non-hazardous work causes forms of deprivation such as denial of access to education and denial of the pleasurable activities associated with childhood (Mishra, 2000, p. 14). Therefore, the child laborer who is working at a young age to earn some amount of income for his fa mily also does not get educated, which makes him unfit to grow up and get a well paid, decent job in the future. Child labor can even start a cycle as an uneducated illiterate parent will also start sending his young child to work as a child laborer, who in turn will also grow up uneducated, and use his child also as a source of income. Therefore, the Indian government should make an effort to enforce their child labor law in order to save these children, break this vicious cycle and protect its future generations. Having a formal education is the birth right of every child in this world. But child labor has stolen this right from these 44 million children. These children in India who are involved in child labor are not able to have time to go to school due to the intense and long working hours. According to the International Labour Organizations report, Child labour leads to reduced primary school enrolment and negatively affects literacy rates among youth (ILO, 2008). The report also found strong evidence that in a situation where school and work was combined, school attendance falls as the number of hours at work increases (ILO, 2008). This goes on to prove that working children in India involved in labor struggle to attend school due to their harsh and exploitive working hours which causes them continuous fatigue. As India has the highest level of child labor in the world, it is due to this reason that Indias rank in the Education Development Index (EDI) is a disappointing 102nd out of the 129 countries in the index (UNESCO, 2009). The EDI measures a countrys performance on universal primary education. High level of child labor in a country is often related with its low and unsatisfactory performance on the index (ILO, 2008). The Indian government should start enforcing their law against child labor so that these children can go to school easily. A working child also often gets deprived of having a bright and lively childhood due to lack of leisure activities. In a research conducted by Dr. D.V.P Raja, Founder and Director of the Madurai Institute of Social Sciences in India, more than 90% of the working children who were interviewed stated that they do not have enough leisure to play and engage in other recreational activities. This startling finding signifies that these children spend virtually all their waking hours working and are thereby totally denied any of the excitement and pleasures of childhood (Mishra, 2000, p. 48). The interviewees also stated that while at work, they did not acquire or learn any new skills. This goes on to say that the impact of child labor on the development and creative side of the child is quite disturbing. These children do not find their work enjoyable but rather than that they find it difficult and boring; but, however, they still continue to stick with these jobs because they dont have a choice nor do they find any other suitable alternative for them (Mishra, 2000). The government of India should now wake up and save these children before more of them become victims of a lost childhood. The problem of child labor has done enough damage to the lives and health of many innocent children in India over centuries by stealing away their many rights. It is now evident that child laborers are heavily losing out on all fronts and are becoming terribly incompetent to live future life as child labor negatively affects their mental, emotional and psychological capabilities .Child labor should be brought to an end now. It is high time that the Indian government starts taking this issue seriously and starts enforcing its own constitutional law against child labor so that Indias present and future generation of young citizens have their rights protected and are able to live their lives healthy and secure.

Urban Elite Theory Essay -- Development, Politics, Vancouver

Theoretical Lenses I. Urban Elite Theory Urban elite theory will provide students with a theoretical lens by which to understand the redevelopment projects initiated in the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver during the lead-up to the 2010 Olympic Games. Urban elite theory extends the scope of classical elite theory by adding that a metropolis is divided by its physical districts based on class distinctions (Darity et. al., 2008). The presence and power of elites, however, is not seen as entirely negative according to this theoretical perspective. Instead, the collusion of elites is necessary for stability and efficiency within a political system. If urban elite theory were to be applied to the Vancouver case, one hypothesis would be that urban elites participate in development projects in order to maximize their political power and consolidate their involvement within certain communities. A successful gentrification project redevelops an area through the collaboration of political and business elites. Such a project would prov ide housing that caters to young professionals who will so...

Blaise Pascal :: essays research papers

Blaise Pascal was a great mathematician who lived in 17th Century France. His mother was Antoinette Begon; she died when Blaise was three. His father, Etienne took the responsibility of bringing him up. Pascal had two sisters, Gilberte and Jacqueline. Pascal began his studies in 1635 with his reading of Euclid’s Elements and mastered them by age 12. This won the boy respect for his great talent in mathematics. Pascal in fact did not attend school; instead, Etienne brought him to lectures and mathematical gatherings at the â€Å"Academie Parsienne† nearly from its founding. At the early age of 16, Pascal began to play an active role in â€Å"Academie Parisienne†. There, Pascal became the principal disciple of Girard Desargues, a professor working there because he was the only one who appreciated his work in geometry. Pascal began work on conics and published several papers to do with geometry. In fact, in June 1639, Pascal has already made a significant discovery with his â€Å"mystical hexagram†. In 1641, he began to suffer from problems of health that delayed his research for a year, but he recovered and continued his work. In 1642, Pascal began to create a machine that would be similar to an everyday calculator to help his father with his accounting job. His first attempts were failures and Pascal was discouraged from working on the project for many years. He returned to it in 1644 because of the encouragement of many people. He finished the final model in 1645 after going through more than 50 incarnations of the design, he finished the final model in 1645, Pascal himself did the selling with a few associates but because of it’s high price of and limited uses, sales were probably modest. He did present one to Queen Christina of Sweden and he was allowed a monopoly over it by royal decree. Although Pascal had been raised as a Catholic, later in his life, Pascal had been converted to Jansenism in 1646 and moved to a monastery in Port Royal in France. But in 1658, he left the monastery to continue his mathematical work. Pascal then worked on many mathematical problems, including how fluids and gases behave (1646) this proved that the mercury in a barometer did not move because of a vacuum but rather because of barometric pressure, created â€Å"Pascal’s Triangle† which calculated the probabilities of winning in gambling (1654) which today has been important in the study of statistics and even modern day physics, and the theory of indivisibles (1658).

Black Panther Party Essay -- Black Panther Movement Radical

What comes to your mind when you think of the mission of the Black Panther Party? Do you even know who the Black Panthers truly were? Well, the fact is that many people do not the answers to either of these questions. It may be due to the fact that the history text book failed to go into the Black Panther Party in detail as they did in many other great historic revolutionist and revolutionary events. In the following essay I will be discussing the journey of Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, the founders of the Black Panther Party, showing the events that took place in their lives. I will also be discussing what the mission of the Black Panther Party was in their stand to make the government accept the responsibility poverty in urban communities in the United States and abroad. By the end of this paper you will surely know what history text books failed to discuss about the Black Panther Party. The date is February 17, 1942, in Monroe, Louisiana; this is the time and place where a future revolutionary is born. His name is Huey P. Newton. He was born the last of seven children to Walter Newton and Armelia Johnson. When Huey was three years old his family picked up and moved to Oakland, California. It was in Oakland where Huey would grow up and learn from many life changing situations. As acknowledged in Revolutionary Suicide, written by Huey P. Newton, he grew up on the East Side of Oakland in a below-standard neighborhood where he got into countless fights and built up a temper that he would carry throughout his life. (27) In the eighth grade Huey P. Newton attended Woodrow Wilson junior high school where he first learned how to fight not only to protect himself but also to protect his dignity. When Huey P. N... ...n the Bay Area would crack down on and the Black Panther Party would be over quicker than it was started. Huey P. Newton knew the law from studying it the entire time he spent in college and in jail. He also knew that all the cops would have to have is for the Black Panther Party members break one tiny law to take them down so they had to be smart with it if they wanted break the law. The cops began to stop the Black Panther’s vehicles on the street and look for and violations. Huey P. and Bobby Seale made sure that all the vehicles were clean, hence, the cops never found any violation. (H,P Newton 122) During the routine traffic stops the cops were usually met by Panthers who were willing to comply in the search. Unless they pulled over Huey P and Bobby Seale who continually pulled their guns on the cops after the cops pulled them out on them. (H.P Newton 123)

Fdi in North America

Analysis of Foreign Direct Investments of North America Kristin Daughdril & William Cassidy Business Administration 418 Abstract Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an investment involving a long-term relationship and reflecting a lasting interest in and control by a resident entity in one economy of an enterprise resident in a different economy (UNCTAD). There are two types of FDI, inflows and outflows, which can be used to help determine the investment strategies and economies of countries engaged in FDI.North America has been the source of nearly one-half of all investment and almost three-quarters of the jobs created throughout the globe (Huggins, 442). North America is probably the most important continent when it comes to dealing with FDI. The three main countries of North America, the United States, Canada, and Mexico, all rank in the top 15 of world economies, proving them to be desirable partners in FDI transactions.The trends of FDI discussed in this report will be unpar alleled to this information and can lead to some predictions on how future trends of the countries of North America will continue to be superior to that of the other continents of the world. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment, FDI Inflow, FDI Outflow Foreign Direct Investment is investment of a company located in a different country either by buying a company in the country or expanding its business into the country. FDI can be done for many purposes.Companies may have tax incentives abroad, cheaper labor, abundant resources, target-specific markets or other reasons to enter into direct investment with a foreign country. Three components of FDI include equity capital, reinvestment earnings, and intra-company loans. These three components are the values that, if changed, will affect FDI first-hand. FDI inflows are flows of investment into the reporting country from a non-resident entity. Outflows are just the opposite. They are the reporting countries’ investments into a coun try abroad.FDI has become a major factor in accessing economic power in the world economy. The North American continent consists of many countries including the United States, Canada, Bermuda, Greenland, Mexico, Belize, Haiti, the Bahamas, Jamaica, and many others. This report focuses on the only two developed countries in North America, US and Canada, as well as another top economy of the world, Mexico. It has been found that North America has been the source of one-half of all foreign direct investment in the globe (Huggins, 442). All three countries are ranked in the top 15 in world economies.All three counties are members of WTO and, in spite of the differences in views on international trade and investment among the three countries; they entered NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement). NAFTA, along with the Canadian US Free Trade Agreement, CUSFTA, has increased the desirability of interest in the North American economic integration (Bird, 406). In the Americas, FDI is gove rned by a multi-layered system of agreements that include national investment statutes, bilateral investment treaties, free trade agreements, common markets, and multilateral instruments (Haslem).NAFTA: Recently, foreign direct investment has changed from relying on how much a country exports, to now focusing more on trade between countries. In order to focus more on trade, many countries have abolished some trade barriers between countries, causing countries to do away with the protectionism strategy. Mexico, Canada, and the US decided to become a part of the North American Free Trade Agreement. This agreement allows the countries to trade freely. As a result of NAFTA, their foreign direct investment rose dramatically; Mexico, as well as Canada, has seen a great increase in FDI and import production.This also lowers the cost of trading between these countries because they are close to each other. This reduces the cost of transportation, causing an incentive to trade together. This treaty is a big reason for Mexico and Canada’s success. Mexico: Mexico is the second largest recipient of FDI in Latin America and the Caribbean. Foreign direct investment plays a big role with Mexico’s success. More countries participate in trade with countries that have an open economy, since they do not have as many taxes and tariffs that many protectionist countries have.According to the World Investment Report 2006 published by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), in 2005, ‘Mexico received more than 19 billion U. S dollars which puts it among the top 13 in the world and among the top four in developing countries. The United States has a big impact on Mexico’s economy. The spike in foreign direct invest in 2001 was due to the $12. 5 billion purchase of Banamex by United States’ Citigroup. This caused a dramatic increase in the FDI of Mexico in 2001.By looking at the graph of FDI flows within Mexico, it appears that th ere was a major drop of FDI in 2002; this is only due to 2001 being such a good year for Mexico. Canada: Foreign direct investment in Canada has increased dramatically from 1990 to 2002, an increase of four and a half times within these twelve years. The United States has a major affect on FDI in Canada. In 2001, United States obtained 90 percent of the inflows and 62 percent of the outflows. This is due to the signing of the North American Free Trade Agreement which has increased the cross-border transactions between the two countries.The removal of trade barriers has had a positive effect on the FDI in Canada. The increased presence of international entities in Canada helps to provide favorable economic conditions which are attractive to foreign investors. Since NAFTA, foreign direct investment has increased continuously; without it, Canada’s FDI would not be what it is today. United States: The United States have recently dominated the foreign investment playing field amon g the world economies. The position of the outward flow of FDI has exceeded that of the inward flow every year since 1982.Inflow and outflow are mainly dealt with developed economies, the largest partner being the United Kingdom, closely followed by Canada. Mexico is ranked number 12 as FDI partners with the US. Inward flows of FDI come mainly from the UK, Japan, Canada, and Switzerland. The US experienced steady growth from 1992 to 1998 followed by rapid growth in FDI inflow in 1999 and 2000. The high level of capital inflows between 1999 and 2001 reflects the strong foreign interest in US technology and telecommunications firms during the stock market boom years, prior to the market downturn in 2001 (Bloodgood). 001 recorded the lowest inflow increase the US had seen in many years. This could be due to the terrorist attacks on the world trade centers, causing the stock market crash. Investors may have feared the threat of potential future terrorist attacks. By 2004, investors saw past this threat and the US inflows went on the rise again (Dutta). United States’ outward flow of FDI transact mainly with the UK, Canada, the Caribbean, and Bermuda (Bloodgood). The flow of FDI into other countries stayed steady up until 2004 when the flow increased drastically.This was due to reinvested earnings and the decline of the value of US dollar compared to important host affiliates. Earnings in several industries grew sharply. In 2005, the US recorded its lowest percentage increase in FDI since 1982. The reason for this was that reinvested earnings turned negative in 2005, as cumulative retained earnings of foreign affiliates were drawn down to fund distributors to US parent counties as a result of tax incentives provided by the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 (Koncz).The rise of outward FDI continued, however, to rise as though 2005 did not occur. Predictions: All three of the countries that have been studied from North America in the research paper have come across many setbacks and burdens in the past years when dealing with foreign direct investment. All three have also overcome many obstacles in order to pursue economic power by becoming international market influencers. All three counties show continued signs of reasonably steady growth in FDI outflow. Inward flow of FDI seems to be similar between the US and Canada.They have both had somewhat inconsistent rises in the inward flow. Nonetheless, they both continue trade with each other and probably will never decline in that particular area. Mexico has had relatively steady increases in inward flow of FDI and continue to rise, leading us to believe that they will continue on their pace to trying to become a developed economy.References Bird, F. , Vance, T. , ;amp; Wollstencroft, P. (2009). Fairness in International Trade and Investment: North American Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 84, 405-425. Bloodgood, L. 2008). Inbound and Outbound U. S. Direct Investment with Leading P artner Companies. Journal of International Commerce ;amp; Economics, 63-111. Borga, M. , ;amp; Yorgason, D. R. (2002).   Direct Investment Position for 2001: Country and Industry Detail. Survey of Current Business, 82(7), 23-25. Braithwaite, W. , Ciardullo, J. (2006). Investors Set Sights on Canada. International Financial Law Review, 45-49. Dutta, A. S. , Theis, J. , ;amp; Su, R. (2007). FDI into the US, 1998-2004. International Journal of Finance, 19(2), 4370-4379. Galan, B. , Oladipo, O. 2009) Have Liberalization and NAFTA had a Positive Impact on Mexico’s Output Growth?. Journal of Applied Economics. 12(1):159-180. Haslem, Paul Alexander. (2010). The Evolution of the FDI Regime in the Americas. Third World Quarterly, 31, 1181-1203. Huggins, R. , Demirbag, M. , ;amp; Ratcheva, V. (2007). Global Knowledge and R;amp;D FDI Flows. International Review of Applied Economics, 21 (3), 437-451. Koncz, J. L. , ;amp; Yorgason, D. R. (2006). Direct Investment Position for 2005: Coun try and Industry Detail. Survey of Current Business, 86 (7), 20-35. Koncz, J. L. , ;amp; Yorgason, D. R. (2005). Direct Investment Position for 2004: Country and Industry Detail. Survey of Current Business, 85 (7), 40-53. Leitao, N. (2010). Foreign Direct Investment: The Canadian Experience. International Journal Of Economics ;amp; Finance, 2(4), 82-88. Oladipo, O. S. , ;amp; Vasquez Galan, B. I. (2009). The Controversy About Foreign Direct Investment as a Source of Growth for the Mexican Economy. Problemas Del Desarrollo. Revista Latinoamericana De Economia, 40(158), 91-112. Rosenzweig, P. M. (1994). The New â€Å"American Challenge†: Foreign Multinationals in the US. California Management Review, 36 (3), 107-123. Tancer, R. S. (1997). Foreign Investment in North America and the Pharmaceutical Industry in Canada. International Executive, 39 (2), 283-297. Waldkirch A. The Effects of Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico since NAFTA. World Economy [serial online]. May 2010;33(5) :710-745. Mexico: Inward FDI flow Mexico: Outward FDI flow Canada: Inward FDI flow Canada: Outward FDI flow United States: Inward FDI flow United States: Outward FDI flow

Dickinson’s Poetry Is Startling and Eccentric Essay

Perhaps one of the aspects that force us to the verse of Dickinson is its theatrical roleity and startling nature. In her poetry, Emily Dickinson explores a outcome of different floors including death, fancy, nature, disturb and love. The trademark signs of a Dickinson poem argon her hallmark dashes she uses. Her dashes suggest that there is more(prenominal) than to the story than she is writing smoothen. Another distinctive of Dickinsons poetry is the capitalization of haphazard lyric poem throughout her poems. This could suggest immensity of the words that she is high inflammationing.A large number of Dickinsons poetry revolves around the theme of death both psychological and tangible. She obligates the commentator question what our place in the being is. Her sharply limiting moods and her laconic finds make her poems appealing to scrutinize. Evidence of Dickinsons odd and unusual style strikes us in I Felt a Funeral in my Brain. Were given a comprehensive look at her flimsy state of judicial decision through her magnificent imagery. Here, Dickinson comp bes her psychological deterioration to the rites of a funeral. The coal scuttle stanza of the poem divulges that she is in a set and mourners are spill to and fro.The treading treading of the mourners as they run low to and fro combined with the beating beating of the crop like a drum emphasizes her intimate turmoil. The depth of her vulnerability astonishes us as she says her world is reduced to And Being save an ear, She likens herself to a strange race. We dirty dog pee-peely sense her isolation. I mat this was very abstract. It reminded me al nigh of a Picasso painting. We are left in no surmise of her deepening crisis with her startling image of the position crashing downwards as a plank over in reason, broke.And I dropped down and down. I heard a cut down buzzwhen I died was equally eccentric and startling. Once again the imagery play a portentous role in evoki ng this idea. The poem opens to a vibrant image of Dickinson lying in her bed surrounded by her nearest and dearest. The eyes had wrung them dry, / And breathes were congregation sure. I was struck by the startling contrast created here when she compares the lethargy in the room to the air/ mingled with the Heaves of Storms The poem strikingly describes the genial distraction posed by opposed details at even the approximately crucial second baseseven at the moment of death.The poem then becomes even more bizarre and more macabre by transforming the tiny, normally disregarded fly into the common fig tree of death itself, as the flys wing cuts the speaker off from the light until she understructurenot see to see. One of the most special(a) aspects of I heard a aerify buzzwhen I died is the odd substructure of the fly into this environment. Again, the imagery plays a signifi ratt role. Flies can often be associated with death and decay and I speak up that is the message Dickinson was trying to fetch by using the image of the fly in this particular poem.It is a poem that examines what is executable with hope and how far hope can carry a person. The poem uses a bird as a emblem to define the feeling that hope can give an individual. Hope is the thing with feathers That perches in the soul, This proves that Dickinson is eccentric as most hoi polloi would never compare hope to the issue with Feathers. What is striking about the poem is its rank(a) simplicity, both in structure and in the words the poem presents. The idea of hope in the chillest land/And on the strangest sea, is a quite philosophical way of think the world.There is a contrast at bottom the poem among hope, represented with words like warm, Soul sweetest and the pain of tone shown in words like squeeze gale chillest. There is a battle between hope and the pain of life it is clear which one comes out on illuminate as hope can let off be found through gales and storms. I think the poem is trying to convey that even though things can search bleak, hope can always hustle you through it. Dickinsons poem I Could Bring You Jewels had I a mind to is similar to Hope is the Thing with Feathers in regards to the tone of the poem. It is a joyful, optimistic poem.In I Could Bring You Jewels, Dickinson is corresponding with an hidden person in a coy, irritating tone. This poem is very different to most of Dickinsons poetry because unlike many a(prenominal) of her other poems she is not discussing death or loneliness and is instead, conversing with someone and seems to be enjoying herself. She is lecture to this person about what gift she is going to buy him/her. I could bring You Odors from St. Domingo colours from Vera Cruz Berries of the Bahamas Although I would not consider Emily Dickinson to be my favourite poet, I found her work intriguing and uniquely eccentric.This could be because of the contrast between each of her poems and the different theme s she uses in each poem. It may be as a result of its bleak, distressing nature. I personally felt that her fixation with physical and psychological death was quite ball over to be honest. The imagery Dickinson uses in her poetry could definitely be interpreted as very eccentric and startling. You would not predict all of the pain and hurt that is verbalised in her poetry to be coming from a young woman from a well-to-do family who lived a very interior existence.

Dessler Chapter Essay

1) Which Amendment to the U. S. remains states that no psyche shall be deprived of sprightliness, liberty, or property, without cod dish up of the law? A) First Amendment B) ordinal Amendment C) Tenth Amendment D) thirteenth Amendment E) Fourteenth Amendment make B exposition The one-fifth Amendment to the U. S. opus (ratified in 1791) states that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without collectible process of the law. The Thirteenth Amendment (1865) outlaw slavery, and acts assimilate held that it forbid racial un uni patternness. Diff 2P hop on referee 32 Chapter 2 target ara 1 science concept2) The ________ Amendment to the U. S. character outlawed slavery, and courts have held that it forbid racial divergence. A) First B) ordinal C) Tenth D) Thirteenth E) Fourteenth dish out D commentary The Thirteenth Amendment (1865) outlawed slavery, and courts have held that it bars racial discrimination. The Fifth Amendment to the U. S. Co nstitution (ratified in 1791) states that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of the law. Diff 2P get on with referee 32 Chapter 2 animal(prenominal) object 1 attainment ideal 3) The 13th Amendment to the U. S. Constitution draw ones the subject of ________.A) due process B) slavery C) semi hush-hush property D) trial by jury E) womens neutralizes make B chronicle The 13th Amendment to the U. S. Constitution abolished slavery and courts have held that it bars racial discrimination. The fifth Amendment cryes due process, and the 6th Amendment chooses a trial by jury. Diff 2Page reviewer 32 Chapter 2 intent 1 acquisition purpose 4) The ________ gives all persons the identical right to make and perform contracts and to benefit from the laws of the land. A) Fifth Amendment B) civilian Rights modus operandi of 1866 C) appellation s flushsome of the 1964 polite Rights trans follow up D) polished Rights go of 1991E) Th irteenth Amendment Answer B definition The polite Rights roleplay of 1866 gives all persons the same right to make and enforce contracts and to benefit from U. S. laws. The Fifth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution (ratified in 1791) states that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of the law. The Thirteenth Amendment (1865) outlawed slavery, and courts have held that it bars racial discrimination. statute title cardinal of the 1964 cultured Rights present states that employers bumnot discriminate ground on race, color, religion, call forth, or discipline get-go. Diff 2Page ref 32Chapter 2 object glass 1 science excogitation 5) Title vii of the 1964 Civil Rights exploit explicitly prohibits employers from discrimination based on all of the avocation characteristics provided ________. A) race B) religion C) color D) internal taste E) national origin Answer D comment Title septet of the 1964 Civil Rights proceeding stat es that an employer movenot discriminate based on race, color, religion, depend upon, or national origin. Title seven-spot bars discrimination on the part of almost employers both public and unavowed with 15 or to a greater extent employees. cozy orientation is not takely addressed under the law.Diff 1Page referee 32 Chapter 2 intention 1 skill design 6) harmonise to Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights turn, which of the by-line employers would be lawfully allowed to ref call role to an individual based on race, religion, or sex? A) a state agency with 65 employees B) a medical office with 25 employees C) a local anesthetic anesthetic restaurant with 10 employees D) a department stemma with 100 employees E) a public school with 30 employees Answer C rendering Title VII bars discrimination on the part of most employers, including all public or private employers of 15 or more than persons.It excessively covers all private and public educational institutions, the fede ral government, and state and local governments. A business with fewer than 15 employees would legally be allowed to refuse conflict based on race, religion, sex, or national origin. Diff 2Page Ref 32 Chapter 2 accusatory 1 Skill vocation 7) Which law fashioning was responsible for the creation of the check trading opportunity Commission? A) 13th Amendment B) gibe gestate bout of 1963 C) Civil Rights transaction of 1866 D) administrator Orders 11246 and 11375 E) Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act Answer E accounting Title VII schematic the fit live opportunity Commission (EEOC) to administer and enforce the Civil Rights law at toy. The commission itself consists of five segments official by the professorship with the advice and consent of the Senate. executive director Orders 11246 and 11375 established the lieu of Federal Contract conformism Programs. Diff 2Page Ref 32 Chapter 2 aim 1 Skill image 8) The EEOC was signly established to investigate com plaints to the racyest degree ________. A) bloodline discrimination B) unjust business f atomic number 18s C) familiar agony in schools D) structural accommodations for dis adequate large numberE) unmistakableime succumbments for labor union members Answer A accounting Title VII established the Equal enjoyment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) to administer and enforce the Civil Rights law at change by reversal. The EEOC receives and investigates agate line discrimination complaints from aggrieved individuals. Diff 2Page Ref 32 Chapter 2 docu kind 1 Skill Concept 9) How m whatever members serve on the Equal involution Opportunity Commission? A) 3 B) 5 C) 9 D) 10 E) 12 Answer B report The Equal exercise Opportunity Commission (EEOC) consists of five members establish by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate.Each member serves a 5-year end point. Diff 1Page Ref 32 Chapter 1 documental 1 Skill Concept 10) Which of the next appoints the members of the EEOC? A) U. S. Congress B) U. S. haughty romance C) President of the United States D) incision of Justice E) Ameri hatful voters Answer C score The EEOC consists of five members appointed by the president with the advice and consent of the Senate. Each member serves a 5-year term. Diff 1Page Ref 32 Chapter 1 clinical 1 Skill Concept 11) Which of the adjacent(a) requires have-to doe with give way for partake bestow regardless of sex? A) Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights ActB) Equal afford back Act of 1963 C) Executive Order 11246 D) Pay favouritism in Employment Act of 1967 E) Civil Rights Act of 1991 Answer B story nether the Equal Pay Act of 1963 (amended in 1972), it is improper to discriminate in digest on the root word of sex when pranks involve represent body of work require equivalent skills, effort, and responsibility and ar performed under connatural working patterns. Diff 1Page Ref 33 Chapter 2 documentary 1 Skill Concept 12) When companies ut ilize ________, they effect steps to eliminate the present effects of prehistoric discrimination. A) plausive treat B) executive orders C) rehabilitation performanceD) civil rights guidelines E) tolerable pay rules Answer A translation Affirmative action refers to steps that atomic number 18 taken for the purpose of eliminating the present effects of ancient discrimination. The Equal Pay Act of 1963 requires employers to pay equal pay for equal work, and the vocational replacement Act of 1973 requires employers with federal contracts of more than $2,500 to take affirmative action in employing incapacitate persons. Diff 1Page Ref 33 Chapter 1 Objective 1 Skill Concept 13) Which of the pastime is responsible for implementing Executive Orders 11246 and 11375 that were is fulfilld by the Johnson administration?A) Equal Employment Opportunity Commission B) Pension Benefits warranty Corporation C) Occupational Safety and Health ecesis D) national Labor Relations calling c ard E) Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs Answer E business relationship The Johnson administration (19631969) is work ond Executive Orders 11246 and 11375 which didnt equitable ban discrimination but also necessitate that government contractors with contracts of over $50,000 and 50 or more employees take affirmative action to ensure work opportunity for those who may have suffered past discrimination.These orders also established the Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs (OFCCP) to implement the orders and ensure compliance. Diff 1Page Ref 33 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 14) Which of the followers agentive roles is non an acceptable basis for different pay for equal work under the Equal Pay Act of 1963? A) merit B) seniority C) sex D) merchandise quality E) action quantity Answer CExplanation beneath the Equal Pay Act of 1963 (amended in 1972), it is iniquitous to discriminate in pay on the basis of sex when jobs involve equal work require e quivalent skills, effort, and responsibility and are performed under similar working conditions. Pay differences derived from seniority systems, merit systems, and systems that measure earnings by production quantity or quality or from every factor other(a) than sex do not violate the act. Diff 2Page Ref 33 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 15) Paul is a 49-year-old Ameri arouse of Anglo-Saxon descent. What enactment is most potential intended to protect Paul from discrimination?A) Executive Order 11375 B) Equal Pay Act of 1963 C) Executive Order 11246 D) Age unlikeness in Employment Act of 1967 E) Thirteenth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution Answer D Explanation The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) made it unlawful to discriminate against employees or appli rumpts who are among 40 and 65 old age of age. Executive Orders 11246 and 11375 require government contractors to take affirmative action, the 13th Amendment barred slavery, and the Equal Pay Act made it unlawful to discriminate in pay based on the employees gender.Diff 2Page Ref 33 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill natural covering 16) According to the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, it is unlawful to ________. A) sue an employer for age-based pay B) paint a picture older employees for insubordination C) require employees to retire at age 65 D) allow juries to determine age discrimination E) institute a minimum age for employees Answer C Explanation The Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA) made it unlawful to discriminate against employees or appli green goddessts who are between 40 and 65 years of age.Subsequent amendments eliminated the age cap, efficaciously ending most mandatory retirement at age 65. The ADEA allows jury trials. Diff 2Page Ref 33 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 17) The ________ requires sure federal contractors to take affirmative action for change persons. A) Equal Pay Act B) Vocational Rehabilitation Act C) Age Discriminati on in Employment Act D) Americans with Disabilities Act E) Civil Rights Act Answer B Explanation The Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 requires employers with federal contracts of more than $2,500 to take affirmative action in employing disabled persons.It does not require hiring unmodified people. It does require an employer to take steps to accommodate a disabled worker unless doing so imposes an undue badness on the employer, which is addressed by the ADA. Diff 1Page Ref 33 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 18) Which of the follo raiseg refers to highly recommended procedures issued by federal agencies regarding employee selection, eternise keeping, and pre conflict inquiries? A) job specifications B) employment metrics C) process charts D) logical guidelines E) applicant tracking systems Answer DExplanation alike guidelines are issued by federal agencies charged with ensuring compliance with equal employment federal legislation explaining recommended employer proce dures in detail. They company forth highly recommended procedures regarding things like employee selection, record keeping, and preemployment inquiries. Diff 1Page Ref 34 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 19) Which of the hobby does NOT participate in the issuance of uniform guidelines? A) EEOC B) di batch of Labor C) collapse Business Bureau D) incision of Justice E) Civil Service CommissionAnswer C Explanation The EEOC, Civil Service Commission, part of Labor, and Department of Justice together issued uniform guidelines. These throttle forth highly recommended procedures regarding things like employee selection, record keeping, and preemployment inquiries. The Better Business Bureau is not involved in issuing uniform guidelines. Diff 1Page Ref 34 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 20) Uniform guidelines from the EEOC are recommended for employers to use in matters regarding all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) employee selectionB) record keeping C) preemployment inqu iries D) familiar molestation E) psychological examination Answer E Explanation The EEOC, Civil Service Commission, Department of Labor, and Department of Justice together issue uniform guidelines. These set forth highly recommended procedures regarding things like employee selection, record keeping, informal badgering, and preemployment inquiries. The American Psychological Association has its own non-legally screening Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing. Diff 2Page Ref 34 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept21) Which despotic accost case was used to define unsportsmanlike discrimination in conjunction with EEO laws? A) Buckley v. Valeo B) Brown v. Board of Education C) Griggs v. Duke advocator companionship D) air jacket sliding board Hotel Co. v. Parrish E) Abington School District v. Schempp Answer C Explanation Griggs v. Duke actor Company was a landmark self-governing Court case used to define un intermediate discrimination as put forth in EEO laws much(prenominal) as Title VII. The Court rule that employment practices must be job think and that discrimination does not have to be distinct to be illegal. Brown v.Board of Education held that separatism in public schools was unconstitutional. Choices A, D, and E were not cases cerebrate to EEO laws. Diff 2Page Ref 34 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 22) In Griggs v. Duke powerfulness Company, Griggs sued the personnel company because it take coal tutors to be high school graduates. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of Griggs because ________. A) high school diplomas were not connect to success as a coal handler B) Duke Power Company intentionally discriminated based on race C) no business fatality existed for Duke Power CompanyD) Title VII forbids job testing E) Griggs held a GED Answer A Explanation The Court ruled in favor of Griggs because having a high school diploma was not relevant to the job of coal handler. The Court held that an employment practice must b e job cerebrate if it has an unequal repair on members of a protect course of study. Diff 2Page Ref 34 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 23) If a person is in a protected class, he or she is protected by which of the following? A) Department of Labor guidelines B) Sarbanes-Oxley Act C) Title VII of the Civil Rights Act D) Consumer Protection ActE) National Labor Relations Board Answer C Explanation The term protected class refers to persons much(prenominal) as minorities and women who are protected by equal opportunity laws, including Title VII. Choices A, B, D, and E are not equal opportunity laws. Diff 1Page Ref 34 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 24) totally of the following are principles established by Griggs v. Duke Power Company EXCEPT ________. A) burden of cogent evidence is on the employer B) performance standards should be unambiguous C) business compulsion is a defense for an brisk computer programme D) employment selection practices must be job plug indE) discrimination does not have to be overt to be illegal Answer B Explanation The Court ruled in Griggs v. Duke Power Company that the burden of proof is on the employer to constitute that a hiring practice such as testing is job link up. The Court also ruled that business fatality is the defense for any existing program that has ill impact and that discrimination does not have to be overt to be illegal. The case did not address performance standards. Diff 3Page Ref 34-35 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 25) down the stairs the principles established by Griggs v.Duke Power Company, ________ can be used as a defense for any existing program that has adverse impact. A) occupational qualification B) business necessity C) affirmative action D) burden of proof E) fair in form Answer B Explanation Business necessity is the defense for any existing program that has adverse impact according to Griggs. The court did not define business necessity. Diff 2Page Ref 35 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 26) Which court case provided details regarding how employers could validate the descent between screening tools and job performance?A) West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish B) Albemarle Paper Company v. Moody C) Griggs v. Duke Power Company D) Burlington Industries v. Ellerth E) Ward Cove v. Atonio Answer B Explanation In the Albemarle case, the Court provided more details on how employers could prove that tests or other screening tools relate to job performance. For example, the Court said that if an employer wants to test candidates for a job, and then the employer should first clearly document and commiserate the jobs duties and responsibilities. Diff 2Page Ref 35 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept27) chthonic the Civil Rights Act of 1991, once a complainant shows different impact, who has the burden of proving that the challenged practice is job related? A) complainant B) employee C) employer D) judge E) EEOC Answer C Explanation According to the Civil Rights Act of 1991, once an aggrieved applicant or employee demonstrates that an employment practice (such as must lift 100 pounds) has a disparate (or adverse) impact on a particular group, then the burden of proof shifts to the employer, who must show that the challenged practice is job related. Diff 1Page Ref 36 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept28) According to the Civil Rights Act of 1991, an employee who claims intentional discrimination can sue for all of the following EXCEPT ________. A) back pay B) job reinstatement C) punitory damages D) compensatory damages E) significant consolidation Answer E Explanation According to the Civil Rights Act of 1991, an employee who claims intentional discrimination can sue for back pay, attorneys fees, court costs, job reinstatement, punitive damages, and compensatory damages. Substantive consolidation is a legal term referring to debt consolidation. Diff 2Page Ref 36 Chapter 2 Objective 1Skill Concept 29) Race, color, religion, sex, or nation al origin is a motivating factor in a termination, but the employee would have been terminated for failure to perform anyway. Which of the following most in all likelihood exists in this situation? A) mixed motive B) business necessity C) disparate impact D) liability defense E) burden of proof Answer A Explanation An unlawful employment practice is established when the complaining ships company demonstrates that race, color, religion, sex, or national origin was a motivating factor for any employment practice, even though other factors also propel the practice.Some employers in so-called mixed motive cases had taken the position that even though their actions were discriminatory, other factors like the employees dubitable behavior made the job action acceptable. Under CRA 1991, an employer cannot avoid liability by proving it would have taken the same actionsuch as terminating soulfulnesseven without the discriminatory motive. Diff 3Page Ref 36 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill lo tion 30) Which of the following requires employers to make bonny accommodations for disabled employees? A) Civil Rights Act of 1991 B) Equal Pay Act of 1963C) Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 D) Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 E) Disability Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 Answer C Explanation The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990 prohibits employment discrimination against subordinate disabled individuals. It also says employers must make reasonable accommodations for physiologic or mental limitations unless doing so imposes an undue ill fortune on the business. Diff 1Page Ref 36 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 31) According to the Americans with Disabilities Act, which of the following would be considered a check?A) homo cozyity B) voyeurism C) pyromania D) absolute gambling E) AIDS Answer E Explanation The ADA specifies conditions that it does not regard as disabilities, including homo familiarity, biintimateity, voyeurism, controlling gambling, pyromania, and certain disorders resulting from the current illegal use of drugs. The EEOCs position is that the ADA prohibits discriminating against people with human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS. Diff 1Page Ref 36 Chapter 1 Objective 1 Skill Concept 32) Which type of disability accounts for the superlative number of ADA claims? A) drug-related B) cosmetic C) mental D) vision E) hearing Answer CExplanation affable disabilities account for the greatest number of ADA claims. Under EEOC ADA guidelines, mental impairment includes any mental or psychological disorder, such as . . . stimulated or mental illness. Drug-related conditions are generally not regarded as disabilities. Diff 1Page Ref 36 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 33) Under ADA, those who can carry out the essential functions of the job are known as which of the following? A) protected class B) line managers C) career anchors D) staff authorities E) qualified individuals Answer E Explanation The ADA prohib its discrimination against qualifiedindividualsthose who, with (or without) a reasonable accommodation, can carry out the essential functions of the job. The individual must have the requisite skills, educational background, and experience to do the job. Diff 1Page Ref 37 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 34) Which of the following best explains why employers win the majority of ADA cases? A) Employers make the necessary reasonable accommodations for employees. B) Employers prove that age negatively impacts an employees job performance. C) Employees fail to prove that they are disabled however qualified to perform a job.D) Conservative resolve are sympathetic towards small-business owners. E) Employee attorneys fail to draw connections between Title VII and ADA. Answer C Explanation Employers traditionally prevailed in almost all96%federal circuit court ADA decisions. A main reason is that employees were failing to show that they were disabled and qualified to do the job. Unlik e with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, the employee must establish that he or she has a disability that fits under the ADA. Diff 3Page Ref 38 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 35) Which of the following forget be the most likely result of the ADA Amendments Act of 2008?A) Employees will maintain it easier to prove that their disabilities are limiting. B) The number of major life activities considered disabilities will be narrowed. C) Employers will be compulsory to make fewer accommodations for workers with disabilities. D) Employers will be required to hire a specific percentage of disabled workers to be in compliance. E) Employees will apply for more jobs knowing that the legislation guarantees their employment. Answer A Explanation The new ADAAs basic effect will be to make it much easier for employees to show that their disabilities are limiting.For example, the new act makes it easier for an employee to show that his or her disability is influencing one of the employees major life activities. It does this by adding examples like reading, concentrating, thinking, sleeping, and communicating to the list of ADA major life activities. Diff 3Page Ref 38 Chapter 2 Objective 1 Skill Concept 36) In which of the following situations does cozy curse NOT violate Title VII? A) if the act up comfortably intervenes with a persons work performance B) if the extend creates an affright work surroundC) if the conduct creates a antagonistic work milieu D) if the conduct is motivated by both age and gender E) if the conduct creates an unsavoury work environment Answer D Explanation Under Title VII, versed agony generally refers to harassment on the basis of sex when such conduct has the purpose or effect of substantially interfering with a persons work performance or creating an intimidating, conflicting, or smelly work environment. Sexual harassment violates Title VII. The motivation bunghole the conduct is not relevant to Title VII violations. Diff 3Page Ref 39 Chapter 2 Objective 2 Skill Concept37) The ________ provides that a person who commits a crime of violence motivated by gender shall be apt(predicate) to the party injured. A) Civil Rights Act of 1991 B) Federal Violence Against Women Act of 1994 C) Pregnancy Discrimination Act D) Vietnam Era Veterans Readjustment Assistance Act of 1974 E) Vocational Rehabilitation Act of 1973 Answer B Explanation The Federal Violence Against Women Act of 1994 provides that a person who commits a crime of violence motivated by gender shall be liable to the party injured. The law offers an additional path women can use to seek relief for violent inner harassment.Diff 1Page Ref 40 Chapter 2 Objective 2 Skill Concept 38) Which of the following is NOT a form of cozy harassment according to EEOC guidelines? A) unwelcome inner advances that create an intimidating work environment B) requests for internal favors made implicitly as a condition of employment C) verbal conduct of a familia r nature that unreasonably interferes with work performance D) physical conduct of a inner nature that creates an offensive work environment E) mutually consensual physical conduct of a knowledgeable nature between co-workers Answer EExplanation EEOC guidelines define informal harassment as unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that create an intimidating, distant, or offensive work environment or interfere with work performance. Requests for sexual favors that are used as the basis for employment decisions are also considered sexual harassment. Consensual sex between co-workers is not considered sexual harassment. Diff 3Page Ref 41 Chapter 2 Objective 2 Skill Concept39) All of the following are ways for an employee to prove sexual harassment EXCEPT by proving that ________. A) the verbal remarks of a co-worker were sexually flirtatious B) the rejection of a supervisors sexual advances led to a demotion C ) a opposing work environment was created by a co-workers sexual conversation D) a hostile work environment was created by a nonemployees sexual advances E) a hostile work environment was created by a supervisors sexually ignominious conduct Answer A Explanation The U. S. Supreme Court held that sexual harassment law doesnt cover ordinary intersexual flirtation. Someone can prove sexual harassment if rejecting a supervisors sexual advances led to a demotion, firing, or altered work assignment. Sexual harassment can also be proven if a hostile work environment is created by the sexual conduct of supervisors, co-workers, or nonemployees. Diff 3Page Ref 41 Chapter 2 Objective 2 Skill Application 40) Judy was up for a promotion at Simpson Consulting when her supervisor, Will, encouraged her to develop a sexual relationship with him. He suggested that her promotion would be a sure thing if they were involved. When Judy declined his advances, Will fire her.Which of the following would Judy most likely be able to prove in court if she decided to sue Simpson Consulting? A) hostile environment created by nonemployees B) hostile environment created by supervisors C) hostile environment created by co-workers D) disparate treatment E) jade pro quo Answer E Explanation Quid pro quo (something for something) is the most direct way to prove that rejecting a supervisors advances adversely modify what the EEOC calls a tangible employment action such as hiring, firing, promotion, demotion, and/or work assignment.Quid pro quo would be the best alternative for Judy if she sues the firm for Wills actions. Diff 3Page Ref 41 Chapter 2 Objective 2 Skill Application 41) Gus is always making sexual jokes at work. numerous employees find the jokes funny, but Shelley, Guss executive assistant, is awkward with the jokes. Eventually, she decides to quit her job rather than endure the jokes any longer. What form of sexual harassment has Shelley experienced? A) quid pro quo B) hostil e environment created by supervisors C) hostile environment created by co-workers D) hostile environment created by nonemployeesE) none of the above Shelley is not a victim of sexual harassment Answer B Explanation As Shelleys supervisor, Gus created a hostile environment according to the EEOC. A claimant does not need to show that the harassment had tangible consequences such as demotion. It is sufficient in many cases to prove that a supervisors sexual harassment substantially affected an employees emotional and psychological abilities. Diff 3Page Ref 41 Chapter 2 Objective 2 Skill Application 42) All of the following are ways that an employer can defame liability in sexual harassment claims EXCEPT ________.A) maintaining thorough records of all sexual harassment complaints B) informing all employees about sexual harassment investigations C) instituting a sexual harassment reporting process D) training employees in sexual harassment policies E) probe sexual harassment charges p romptly Answer B Explanation Maintaining records of complaints, instituting a reporting policy, providing sexual harassment training, and investigating charges quickly are ways that employers can show that they took reasonable care to prevent and correct sexual harassment, which will minimize the employers liability.Sexual harassment investigations should be conducted privately, and the information should not be made available to all employees. Diff 3Page Ref 42 Chapter 2 Objective 2 Skill Concept 43) Sanders Sporting Goods, an international sporting goods chain, is world sued for sexual harassment by a reason Sanders employee. The complainant asserts that she was the victim of numerous unwanted sexual advances from a virile co-worker. The woman claims that Sanders management condoned a hostile work environment and that the company is liable for the actions of the anthropoid employee.Which of the following, if true, would best support the plaintiffs tilt that Sanders is liable for sexual harassment? A) Sanders re-published its sexual harassment policy twice within the last year. B) The HR department at Sanders has records of the plaintiffs initial complaints. C) Exit interviews of outgoing Sanders employees include questions about sexual harassment. D) Sanders lacks a management response system for intervention sexual harassment complaints. E) Sanders recently lost a court case filed by former employees who claimed disparate treatment. Answer DExplanation Employers can minimize their liability in sexual harassment claims by showing that they have a response system set up for handling sexual harassment complaints, so Sanders may be liable if it lacks a system. Firms that re-publish their sexual harassment policies frequently, keep thorough records of complaints, and address sexual harassment issues during exit interviews are able to show that they took reasonable care to prevent sexual harassment. Disparate treatment refers to discrimination claims rathe r than sexual harassment claims. Diff 3Page Ref 42 AACSB Reflective idea Chapter 2 Objective 2Skill faultfinding Thinking 44) Sanders Sporting Goods, an international sporting goods chain, is being sued for sexual harassment by a former Sanders employee. The plaintiff asserts that she was the victim of numerous unwanted sexual advances from a mannish co-worker. The woman claims that Sanders management condoned a hostile work environment and that the company is liable for the actions of the manful employee. Which of the following, if true, would most likely undermine the plaintiffs claim that Sanders is liable for the male employees conduct? A) The male employee physically threatened the plaintiff on three occasions.B) The male employee made sexual advances towards the plaintiff on a daily basis. C) The male employee was required by HR to participate in a sexual harassment awareness course. D) The male employees conduct significantly interfered with the plaintiffs ability to perf orm her job. E) The plaintiff discussed her concerns about the male employees conduct with female co-workers. Answer C Explanation If the male employee was required to take a sexual harassment course, then that action shows Sanders was making a reasonable attempt to stop the behavior. Choices A, B, and D support the plaintiffs claim that ther